sweep的过去式,所有动词的过去式是什么
所有动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。统计规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加-ed构成,如果结尾有不发音e,只加d,而不规则动词的变化因词而异的。
sweep的过去式,所有动词的过去式是什么?
所有动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。统计规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加-ed构成,如果结尾有不发音e,只加d,而不规则动词的变化因词而异的。
英语常用动词的过去式形式有以下几种:
一、规则动词的过去式词尾变化
1、对于大部分动词,原型动词 + ed 即可构成过去式。如 watched, planted, watered, pulled, climbed.
2、对于原型动词词尾有“e”的。直接原型动词 + ed 构成过去式,如 liked, moved, tasted。
3、以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加 ed,如 study——studied。
4、以 1 个元音字母加 1 个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写最后一个辅音字母再加 ed,如 stop——stopped。
词尾读音有 3 种:
(1)在浊辅音和元音后读[d],如 lived, watered, listened, played。
(2)在清辅音后读[t],如 liked, helped, watched。
(3)在[t],[d]音后读[Id],如 planted, wanted, handed(上交)。
二、不规则变化的动词过去式
有些动词过去式的变化规律不明显,只能通过背诵记忆。如:
sit —— sat;drink —— drank;sing —— sang;begin —— began;swim —— swam;give —— gave;ring —— rang;run —— ran;ride —— rode;write —— wrote;drive —— drove;keep —— kept;sleep —— slept;sweep —— swept;feel —— felt;come —— came;become ——became;take —— took;throw —— threw;draw —— drew;fly ——flew;grow —— grew;put —— put;cut —— cut;let —— let read —— read; teach —— taught;think —— thought;buy —— bought;fight —— fought;hold —— held;tell —— told;get —— go
hold动词不规则变化?
因为hold是不规则动词啊 所以hold-held-held fold是规则的 fold-folded-folded
不规则动词并不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中
的一些内部规律来记忆,能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、 原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
二、 原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、 原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:
come/came/come become/became/become
run/ran/run
come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed
四、 过去式,过去分词相同:
(1) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
meet/met/met feed/fed/fed
(2) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t
feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept
(3) 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加t
spell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt
spill/spilt/spilt
(4) 过去式和过去分词以aught或 ought结尾
catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taught
bring/brought/brought buy/bought/bought
think/thought/thought
(5) 将stand改为stood
stand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood
(6) 将ay改为aid
lay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid
say/said/said
(7) 将d改为t
lend/lent/lent send/sent/sent
spend/spent/spent
build/built/built
(8) 将i改为a , o, u等
sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spat
win/won/won
dig/dug/dug
(9) 将ell改为old
tell/told/told sell/sold/sold
(10) 词尾加t
learn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11) 有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shone shine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smelt smell/smelled/smelled
(12) 其它
have(has)/had/had hear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shot lose/lost/lost
hold/held/held get/got/got(AmE gotten)
find/found/found make/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同:
(1) 过去式以ew结尾 、过去分词以own结尾
blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grown know/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn
(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词
begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rung sing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk
(3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾
drive/drove/driven write/wrote/written
rise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden
(4) 原形后加n变成过去分词
drive/drove/driven rise/rose/risen
eat/ate/eaten fall/fell/fallen
give/gave/given
(5) 过去式后加n变成过去分词
break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozen mistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolen speak/spoke/spoken
take/took/taken wake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/been do/did/done
forget/forgot/forgotten go/went/gone
hide/hid/hidden see/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、 有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken
七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义:
shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:
shone/shone照耀 shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung悬挂 hanged/hanged绞死
八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词
lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
find 找到、发现find/found/found
found 创建,成立 found/founded/founded
九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆
(一)词义相对:
(1) come/came/come来—— go/went/gone去
(2) give/gave/given给——get/got/got(AmE gotten)获得
(3) sleep/slept/slept睡觉——
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked 醒来
(4) rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起——
fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 沉下, (使)下沉
(5) buy/bought/bought买—— sell/sold/sold出售, 卖
(6) take/took/taken带去——bring/brought/brought 带来
(7) teach/taught/taught教——
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned 学习、学会
(8) lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——
find/found/found找到
win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
(9) stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10) send/sent/sent 送、寄、发送——
get/got/got(AmE gotten)获得、收到
(二)、词义相近:
(1) beat/beat/beaten .打, 打败
win/won/won赢得、获胜
(2) understand/understood/understood 懂, 了解
know/knew/known 知道, 了解, 认识
(3) get/got/got(AmE gotten)变成、成为、变得
become/became/become 变成, 成为, 变得
go/went/gone变成
turn/turned/turned变成
(4) spend/spent/spent 花费、度过
pay/paid/paid 支付、交纳
cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
take/took/taken花费
(5) say/said/said说、讲
speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
tell/told/told 告诉、说、吩咐、断定
talk/talked/talked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论
学习知识英语的过去式?
小学英语过去式知识归纳
一、概念
表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如:yesterday,yesterday morning,yesterday afternoon,yesterday evening,the day before yesterday(前天),last night,last week,last month, last year,a moment ago(刚才),just now(刚才), two days ago,a week ago,in 1990等。 如: I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11:00睡觉。
二、动词过去式的构成规律
(一)规则动词的过去式
1、一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed;如:look→looked play→playe d;
2、以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d;如:live→lived use→used;
3、以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词,先将 y 改为i ,再加 –ed;如:study→studied, try→tried fly→flied
4、以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加 –ed。如:stop→stoppedplan→planned;
(二)不规则动词的过去式(后附不规则动词变化表)
1、改变动词中的元音;
begin→began drink→drank come→came eat→ate grow→grew run→ran know→knew win→won speak→spoketake→took write→wrote get→got
2、变词尾的–d 为–t ; build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent
3、与动词原形一样; cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut
4、变-ay 为-aid (少数动词); say→said pay→paid lay→laid
5、采用不同词根;sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought
6、其他。如:am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did
三、句式变化
(一)一般过去时的一般疑问句
1、把was, were放在句首,其余位置不变。由Was…?引导的一般疑问句,肯定答为:Yes,… was. 否定回答为:No,…. wasn’t. 由Were…?引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答为:Yes,… were. 否定回答为:No,… weren’t. 如:
(1)I was born in Shanghai. →Were you born in Shanghai?
→Yes, I was. (肯定回答) →No, I wasn’t. (否定回答)
(2)They were in Li Yan’s home last night.
→Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?
→Yes, they were. (肯定回答) →No, they weren’t. (否定回答)
2、在行为动词的句子中,要用助动词词did来引导,其余的语序不变。要注意的是,要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为:Yes, …did. 否定回答:No, …didn’t. 如:
John played computer games last night.
→Did John play computer games last night?
→Yes, he did. (肯定回答) →No, he didn’t. (否定回答)
(二)一般过去时的否定句
1、在表示过去存在的状态的句子中,相接在was, were的后面加上not。
如:(1)He was in the park the day before yesterday. →He was not in the park the day before yesterday.
(2)We were busy last week. →We were not busy last week.
2、在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中,要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即:didn’t + 动词原形。如:
(1)She played the violin last night. →She didn’t play the violin last night.
(2) They swam in the lake yesterday. →They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.
(三) 一般过去式的特殊疑问句
1.What did … ?(主要是询问过去发生了什么事情,注意要把过去式改为动词原形。)
We ate Chinese food last night. →What did we eat last night?
2.Where did ?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的地方。)
They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.
→Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning?
3.Who + 动词过去式 … ?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的人物。)
Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.
→Who climbed mountains last weekend?
四、句子结构
1、在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子,系动词用过式was,were构成。如:
(1)I was at home yesterday. 昨天我在家。 (2)We were in the gym just now. 刚才我们在体育馆。
2、在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作,用动词的过去式构成。如:
I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。
3.各种句式
(1)一般过去时的肯定陈述句:
主语 + 动词过去式 + 宾语或表语。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.
(2)一般过去时的否定句:
a.主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 宾语。 (did + not = didn't)
He didn't do morning exercises yesterday.
b.主语 + wasn’t/weren’t +表语。(was + not = wasn't were + not = weren't)
He wasn't an English teacher ten years ago.
(3)一般过去时的一般疑问句:
a.Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语 ?
Did you study English in 1990 ?
b.Was/Were + 主语 + 表语 ?
Was he a pupil five years ago ?
(4)一般过去时的特殊疑问句:
a.特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语?
Where did your parents live five years ago?
What did you do last Sunday?
b.特殊疑问词 + were/was + 表语?
Who was at the zoo yesterday?
小学英语动词过去式变化规则
1、一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2、结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3、末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studie
不规则动词的过去式的构成
1.把动词原形中的 i 改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
2.把重读开音节中的 i 改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.动词原形中的ell 改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,
find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,
make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
一般过去式动词发生不规则变化的词?
1、中间去e末尾加t,如:keep→kept,feel→felt,sleep→slept,sweep→swept2、结尾d变t,如:build→built,lend→lent,send→sent,spend→spent3、遇见i改为a,如:ring→rang,sit→sat,drink→drank,sing→sang,swim→swam,begin→began,give→gave4、“骑(马)”“开(车)”“写(字)”——把i变o如:ride→rode,drive→drove,write→wrote5、“想”“买”“带来”“打仗”——ought换上,如:think→thought,buy→bought,bring→brought,fight→fought6、“教书”“抓住”——aught切莫忘,如:teach→taught,carry→caught7、ow/aw改为ew是新时尚,如:know→knew,grow→grew,throw→threw,draw→drew8、“放”“让”“读”过去式与原形一个样,如:put→put,let→let,read→read/red/
clean?
clean的过去式和过去分词都是: cleaned。
adj. 清洁的,干净的;清白的
vt. 使干净
vi. 打扫,清扫
adv. 完全地
n. 打扫
n. (Clean)人名;(英)克林
短语
Clean Room [电子] 洁净室 ; 无尘室 ; 净化室 ; 无尘车间
Clean Air Act 清洁空气法案 ; 清洁空气法 ; 空气清洁法 ; 净化空气法案
Clean Water Act 清洁水法 ; 清洁水法案 ; 净水法 ; 净水法案
词语辨析
scrub, clear, clean, dust, wipe, mop, sweep
这组词都有“使干净”的意思,其区别是:
scrub 指用硬刷、肥皂或水用力地擦洗某物。
clear 指清除不要的东西。
clean 是这些动词中最常用的词,指将某物或某处的污物等清除掉,弄干净。
dust 指将积落在物体表面的尘土抹去、掸掉或擦去以保干净。
wipe 多指用布、纸等物把东西擦净,也指擦掉某物。
mop 侧重指用拖把擦洗地板,有时也指擦干净或擦去。
sweep 指用扫帚等进行清扫,也用作比喻
发布于 2023-05-11 17:32:01